A Crohn's disease patient with pustules and fever.

a target for cellular and viral oncogenic mechanisms. Carcinogenesis 2003;24:1167–76. 22. Poole JC, Andrews LG, Tollefsbol TO. Activity, function, and gene regulation of the catalytic subunit of telomerase (hTERT). Gene 2001;269:1–12. 23. Tahara H, Nakanishi T, Kitamoto M, et al. Telomerase activity in human liver tissues: comparison between chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinomas. Cancer Res 1995;55:2734–6. 24. Edmondson HA, Steiner PE. Primary carcinoma of the liver: a study of 100 cases among 48,900 necropsies. Cancer 1954;7:462–503. 25. Mary AS, Meiling C, Georage A. Production of hepatitis B virus particles in HepG2 cells transfected with cloned hepatitis B virus DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1987;84:1005–9. 26. Ma CH, Sun WS, Tian PK, et al. A novel HBV antisense RNA gene delivery system targeting hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2003;9:463–67. 27. Higuchi R, Innis MA, Gelfand DH, et al. PCR protocols. Academic Press, San Diego, CA 1990;266:177–83. 28. Schliiter C, Duchrow M, Wohelenburg C, et al. The cell proliferation-associated antigen of antibody Ki-67: a very large, ubiquitous unclear protein with numerous repeated elements, representing a new kind of cell cycle-maintaining proteins. J Cell Biol 1993;123:513–22. 29. Morinaga S, Ishiwa N, Noguchi Y, et al. Growth index, assessed with Ki-67 and ssDNA labeling; a significant prognosticator for patients undergoing curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Surg Oncol 2005;92:331–6. 30. Horikawa I, Cable PL, Afshari C, et al. Cloning and characterization of the promoter region of human telomerase reversetranscriptase gene. Cancer Res 1999;59:826–30. 31. Kyo S, Takakura M, Takahiro T, et al. Sp1 cooperates with c-Myc to activate transcription of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene (hTERT). Nucleic Acids Res 2000;28:669–77. 32. Huang TJ, Lu CC, Tsai JC, et al. Novel autoregulatory function of hepatitis B virus M protein on surface gene expression. J Biol Chem 2005;280:27742–54. 33. Sommer A, Bousset K, Kremmer E, et al. Identification and characterization of specific DNA-binding complexes containing members of the Myc/Max/Mad network of transcriptional regulators. J Biol Chem 1998;273:6632–42. 34. Stephen TO, Saturo K, Laimonis AL. Telomerase activation by human papillomavirus type 16 E6 protein: induction of human telomerase reverse transcriptase expression through Myc and GC-rich Sp1 binding sites. J Virol 2001;75:5559–66. 35. Chadeneau C, Hay K, Hirte HW, et al. Telomerase activity associated with acquisition of malignancy in human colorectal cancer. Cancer Res 1995;55:2533–36. 36. Zhan WH, Ma JP, Peng JS, et al. Telomerase activity in gastric cancer and its clinical implications. World J Gastroenterol 1999;5:316–9. 37. Wu KJ, Grandori C, Amacker M, et al. Direct activation of TERT transcription by cMYC. Nat Genet 1999;21:220–4. 38. Saxena A, Durgapal H, Chaudhuri V, et al. Hepatitis B virus surface (S) transactivator with DNA-binding properties. J Med Virol 2000;61:1–10. 39. Dou YL, Han JH, Li YZ, et al. Analysis of the correlation between PreS1-Ag, PreS2Ag, HBeAg and HBV DNA in the serum of chronic hepatitis B patients. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2007;87:1984–6. 40. Taliani G, Rapicetta M, Francisci D, et al. Correlation of preS antigens and clinical status during chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Med Microbiol Immunol 1991;180:239–48. 41. Ketan S, Stephen K. Winged helix proteins. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2000;10:110–6.